Cacti are not only the spikiest plants on earth but also have a variety of spines, each serving different purposes. They use their spines for defense, protection from the sun or cold, moisture collection, and even reproduction. Given their multifunctional roles, cactus spines come in an impressive array of forms—some are fluffy and benign, while others are aggressive and menacing. Here’s a look at some of the most spiky cacti in the world, showcasing both long needles and hooked spines:
1 Cylindropuntia fulgida
Cylindropuntia fulgida, or the “glittering cylinder prickly pear,” may look attractive from a distance with its relatively short spines and beautiful flowers. However, each spine ends in numerous barbs, making it very difficult to remove once embedded in the skin. In the deserts where it grows, people often wear special clothing and carry pliers to remove these spines.
2 Carnegiea gigantea
The Carnegiea gigantea, or saguaro cactus, is not only the largest cactus in the world but also a symbol of Arizona. This giant of succulents can grow up to nearly 18 meters tall! Its spines are equally impressive, reaching lengths of up to 16 cm.
3 Echinocactus texensis
Known for having some of the stiffest spines, the Echinocactus texensis is a small, flattened cactus native to Texas. Despite its modest size, its spines can pierce through shoe soles, and its nickname, “horse-crippling cactus,” suggests how painful it can be if stepped on by an unshod horse.
4 Echinocactus parryi
Echinocactus parryi features slightly curved spines up to 10 cm long, which look quite formidable given the relatively small size of the cactus itself, about 35 cm in diameter. The spines grow longer and tougher with increased sunlight.
5 Lobivia ferox
Often referred to as “Lobivia ferox” or “fearsome long-spined lobivia,” this cactus has spines so long that just looking at them can make you wince.
6 Maihueniopsis camachoi
While Lobivia excels in spine length, Maihueniopsis camachoi stands out for its spine density. Growing in clusters, these cacti look intimidating with their numerous spines, each up to 6 cm long. Their dense armor provides excellent protection.
7 Tephrocactus articulatus
Tephrocactus articulatus is another frightening cactus, though its spines are not as sharp as they appear. The spines are soft and more like rigid paper or shavings, used mainly for moisture collection. Despite their appearance, they are not as harmful as they look.
8 Astrophytum capricorne
The Astrophytum capricorne, named for its goat-like horns, lives up to its name with a mass of intertwining spines that make it look like a cactus covered in a tangle of hooks. Handling this cactus is not advisable without heavy-duty gloves.
9 Tunilla
Though Tunilla has relatively small spines, its wide, flat pads with many outward-facing spines resemble a grater. These spines are extremely sharp, and a lapse in vigilance can result in painful scratches.
10 Gymnocalycium spachianum
Gymnocalycium spachianum is known for its beautiful flowers, which are white with a bright pink center. However, approaching it closely is risky due to its spines, which cover the cactus like a defensive armor. Though mostly horizontal, the spines end in sharp hooks, providing a surprise for any would-be invader.
